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History
The Thaw and Moves Towards Détente, 1963-72 (Section 5)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What 4 actions were taken by the USA and Soviet Union to reduce the threat of Nuclear War? | 1. Hotline established 2. Limited Test Ban Treaty, 1963 3. Outer Space Treaty, 1967 4. Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, 1968 |
| When was the Limited Test Ban Treaty signed? | 1963 |
| Who initially signed the Limited Test Ban Treaty? | USA, Britain and the Soviet Union |
| What did the Limited Test Ban Treaty agree on? | No country could carry out a nuclear test explosion in the atmosphere, underwater, in outer space or any other environment that would result in radioactive debris falling outside of the country conducting the explosion |
| Who initially signed the Outer Space Treaty? | USA, Britain and the Soviet Union |
| When was the Outer Space Treaty signed? | 1967 |
| What did the Outer Space Treaty agree on? | States couldn't place weapons on the moon or other planets and would be responsible for any damage caused by their space objects |
| When was the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty signed? | 1968 |
| How many countries signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty? | 62 |
| What did the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty agree on? | States with nuclear weapons couldn't help other nations develop nuclear weapons and states without nuclear weapons would not develop them |
| Name 3 reasons why the USA wanted Détente | 1. Wanted to focus on ending Vietnam War 2. Needed to address social issues that were causing riots 3. Nixon's personal ambitions |
| Name 3 reasons why the Soviet Union wanted Détente | 1. Wanted access to Western technology 2. Poor living standards in Soviet Union 3. Economy not developing |
| What had been agreed in the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance? | - The Soviet Union would provide $300 million in economic aid - Soviets would provide military assistance if China was attacked by USA or Japan |
| Why did relations initially begin to decline between the Soviet Union and China? | Mao was offended by the treatment Chinese delegates received upon visiting Moscow |
| What happened between Khrushchev and Mao that caused relations to decline further? | They did not get on well when Khrushchev visited China |
| What did Mao claim about Khrushchev? | He was a coward during the Cuban Missile Crisis |
| What did Khrushchev say about Mao? | He criticised Mao's policies in China |
| What did Mao decide to do as a result of poor relations between China and the Soviet Union? | Took a more friendly approach towards the USA, the Soviets' rival |
| What event triggered the start of friendly relations between the USA and China? | The US and China table tennis teams got on well at the World Championship, which lead to the USA team being invited to China |
| Which representatives from china and the USA met up in China following the table tennis matches? | Henry Kissinger (US secretary of state) and Zhou En-lai (Chinese Prime Minister) |
| What were the meetings between the USA and China known as? | Ping-pong diplomacy |
| What did Mao and Nixon sign and when? | The Shanghai Communique, February 1972 |
| What did the Shanghai Communique agree on? | There should be a peaceful solution found to China's problem with Taiwan |
| What was the policy called that called for better relations between Eastern and Western European countries? | Ostpolitik |
| Who called for Ostpolitik? | Willy Brandt, Chancellor of West Germany |
| When was the SALT signed? | May 1972 |
| As part of the SALT, how many Anti-Ballistic-Missiles were each side allowed? | 100 |
| What 3 weapons were restricted in the SALT? | 1. Anti-Ballistic-Missiles 2. Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles 3. Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missiles |
| What 2 main weaknesses did the SALT have? | 1. If nuclear war ever looked likely, there was no way it would be stopped over a signed piece of paper 2. The Treaty did not cover the latest technology (MIRVs) |
| Why was SALT significant? | The USA and Soviet Union were publicly demonstrating their improved relations |
| What 3 reasons did the USA and Soviet Union share for wanting Détente? | 1. Could spend less on nuclear weapons 2. Could concentrate on other issues 3. Could stop worrying about China |
Created by:
JoeMather
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